Corneal Tissue Transplant
It is the transparent, convex veinless layer at the front of the outer layer of the eye. It is approximately ½ mm thick and 12 mm in diameter. It plays an important role in refracting the rays coming into the eye to create a clear image on the retina. If the cornea refracts the light coming into the eye too much, it causes myopia, less refraction causes hyperopia, and if it does not refract it equally in all directions, it causes refractive errors called astigmatism.
If for any reason (hereditary diseases, complications of cataract surgery, keratoconus) the transparency or shape of the cornea deteriorates (thinning-uprightness) vision problems begin. If the structurally damaged cornea is replaced with another healthy corneal tissue taken from a cadaver, vision can be regained. This procedure is called a corneal transplant. Corneal transplantation can be performed with full-thickness corneal tissue, or it can be performed only in the form of transplantation of the upper layer or lower layer of the cornea. The absence of vessels in the cornea provides an important advantage in corneal transplants, as it prevents cells that cause tissue rejection from reaching the transplanted foreign tissue.
