Kidney Transplant
Kidney transplantation is a surgical procedure applied for the treatment of the disease in which chronic kidney failure (end stage renal failure) has developed.
The kidneys filter the waste materials in the blood (urea, uric acid, creatinine) and ensure that they are excreted in the urine. It helps to maintain the body`s fluid and electrolyte balance (water, sodium, potassium, hydrogen, bicarbonate, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium). It provides excretion of drugs, toxins and metabolites from the body and regulation of extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure through hormonal means. It contributes to the production and metabolism of hormones such as erythropoietin and vitamin D. It destroys peptide hormones (insulin, glucagon, parathormone, calcitonin, growth hormones).
Kidney failure: Depending on the deterioration of the kidneys due to various reasons and their inability to perform their functions; It is a disease that occurs as a result of the accumulation of water, urea, creatinine, uric acid and other toxic substances in the body. 50 different causes of chronic renal failure have been reported.
The most common causes and rates of kidney failure are listed as follows;
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Diabetes mellitus -diabetes (27.5%)
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Hypertension-high blood pressure (24.2%)
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Unknown cause (19.3%)
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Chronic kidney inflammation (9.9%)
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Other known causes (6.4%)
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Urological diseases (5.7%)
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Cystic kidney disease (5.3%)
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Chronic interstitial nephritis (4.6%)
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Analgesic drugs (paracetamol, nsaid)
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Malignant (cancers)
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Hepatitis
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Excess weight (massive obesity)
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Cigarette
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Infections (streptococcus, hiv)
can also be defined as a nephrotic-uremic syndrome characterized by chronic, progressive (progressive) and irreversible ( irreversible ) loss of the smallest urinary unit (nephron) in the kidney, some of which are due to the above-mentioned reasons . In this case, due to the decrease in the filtration process of the kidney, the kidney cannot maintain water and electrolyte balance, progressive, irreversible and chronic deterioration occurs in endocrine and metabolic functions, and the kidney becomes unable to perform its functions.
Complaints in kidney failure: As a result of accumulation of water in the body, there is a risk of cardiac arrest as a result of high blood pressure, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, weakness, weakness, loss of appetite, and high potassium caused by urea and other toxic substances.
Treatment in kidney failure: In case the kidneys become inoperable by bankruptcy, patients have two treatment alternatives in terms of treatment. One of them is dialysis and the other is kidney transplantation. Dialysis is an application that removes toxic substances that accumulate in the blood and can be very harmful to the person, by means of mechanical filtering.
Dialysis is a tiring method that takes a lot of the patient`s time and can only do 10% of the kidney functions. A successful kidney transplant (transplantation) can restore 100% of the kidney functions of a healthy person. A permanent cure for him can only be achieved with a kidney transplant . Kidney transplantation is the most selective treatment approach for all patients without transplant disability. Before starting dialysis treatment in a patient with kidney failure, transplantation is the most appropriate approach. In patients with chronic kidney failure, if kidney functions have decreased below 20%, kidney transplantation (transplantation) treatment can be performed.
What are the transport resources? Kidney transplantation is done with healthy kidneys taken from either cadavers or living donors. The results of transplants with kidneys obtained from living donors are better than those with kidneys from cadavers.
Is blood group and tissue compatibility necessary in transplantation? Blood group compatibility is essential between the patient to whom organ transplantation will be performed and the donor (donor). However, the compatibility of the blood with the Rh factor is not sought.
